These efforts to modify distributions are attempt to get more pliable models.\nWeibull and Exponential distributions are widely used in reliability and\nsurvival analysis. A new distribution of exponential family has been developed comprising of four parameters named Weibull-Truncated Exponential Distribution (W-TEXPD). Each parameter plays an ample role in modeling the data. A number of distributions are the special cases of proposed distribution. It appears that this model can be used as an substitute to the Exponential, standard Weibull and shifted Weibull distributions. The statistical\ncharacteristics namely cumulative distribution function, hazard function, cumulative hazard function, skewness and kurtosis, percentile, entropy and order statistics are discussed. By using maximum likelihood estimation procedure, the unknown parameters of W-TEXPD are computed. The proposed probability distribution is fitted to two real data sets to emphasize its application\nwhich demonstrates better t than Weibull, Gamma, Exponential and\ntruncated exponential distributions.

Educational Technology (ET) encompasses modern IT tools for imparting education bringing technology and learning together. Furthermore, game-based learning (GBL) has opened a new domain in ET, by presenting fun and learning together on one platform. Pakistan is an emerging country which is promoting education at the national level and has the potential for enhancing learning. The study proposes a model (TELEM), to be tested by exposing learners to an educational game while monitoring their emotional performance in terms of grades. The need is to examine the impact of technology on emotions, that is, to measure the effect of GBL on learner’s emotional performance. A survey is conducted from instructors and learners at primary schools to obtain empirical evidence using questionnaires and questionnaire-based interviews. The data is analyzed using statistical techniques: regression analysis, correlation, paired t-test and independent t-test. The findings indicate that GBL significantly improves learner’s cognitive, social and affective skills, as visual and spatial factors of learning environment revamp, hence enhancing performance. The results also depict that learner’s class-related and test-related positive emotions remarkably increase due to GBL. Overall, the results imply that GBL is a highly appreciated educational technology with effective concern related to management and behavioral technology.

The urban cities in Nigeria are experiencing a deformation causing an urban decay with poor housing construction, improper use of unplanned land hindering urban spatial development. In this paper examination of slum prevalence in Nigeria and aims to propose development scheme to improve informal settlement of the urban cities focusing on governmental intervention and development policies in all level of governmental authorities to upgrade the living conditions and obtain value for the urban low class. Harvesting the potential of the work force of this region for urban development, aims to provide highlight to the use of infrastructural development particularly road network to aid connectivity and urban design. A review of informal settlement mainly on the absence of infrastructure and degraded environmental conditions in an unplanned settlement in the city of Kaduna popularly known as Railway Down Quarter, proposes a possible strategy and approach for upgrade and reform. This research develops a conceptual approach of the necessity of mainly road infrastructure a medium that introduces services and development in informal settlements in Kaduna, Nigeria by government intervention.

IDH5, 4(3H)-Quinazolinone, 2-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(2-methoxyphenyl), is a newly synthesized quinazolinone compound without any reports regarding its biological activities. For the first time, we report the anti-proliferative effect of the compound against human colon cancer cells. Using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, we demonstrated that IDH5 inhibited cell growth both dose- and time-dependently. The inhibitory activity of IDH5 on cell growth was further confirmed by colony formation assay. The cell cycle distribution of HCT116 cells was not significantly affected by IDH5 using flow cytometry analysis. But the fraction of apoptotic cells was increased dose-dependently as assessed by annexin V/ propidium iodide (PI) double staining. Furthermore, we found that the ration of pro-apoptotic protein Bax over anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased, indicating permeabilization of mitochondrion membrane and triggering of apoptosis by IDH5. In conclusion, the quinazolinone compound IDH5 inhibited the proliferation of human colon cancer HCT116 cells through induction of apoptosis.

Workplace design is an ever revamping feature in the history of modernization. Moreover, libraries built today must cater the needs of future. Technologically equipped, optimized space utilization and environmental sustainability is the need of the day. This paper is based upon basic methodological factors of workplace design: furniture, noise, light, temperature and spatial arrangement. The study was conducted in 2 countries (Pakistan and China), utilizing the library staff members of universities in respective countries as primary subject population. A questionnaire based subjective assessment for male and female staff was done for both the universities at same point in time. The results show that males prefer noise free workplace while female preference is inclined towards furniture design and comfort. Findings show that both library staff has more concern for noise at workplace. Regardless of the difference of location of both the universities, furniture and temperature show high correlation with employee’s productivity.

this paper treats the design methodology of adaptive state observer for a class of linear continuous delayed state and input systems. The system considered is subject to unknown input. The aim of this paper is to design an adaptive observer for a irrigation canal which is time delay system with unknown inputs. The key step is to use a simple method for the design of this observer which is the combination between a state observer and an adaptation law that can estimates the unknown input. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of this observer are treated. By using information on asymptotic stability, we develop method for designing a linear adaptive observer to guarantee the global uniform asymptotic convergence of the estimation error. Considered on Lyapunov stability theory, the design of this observer is solved with linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique. The unknown input observer can be used in fault detection and isolation. Simulations results illustrate the design approach and the effectiveness of obtained stability conditions and also have a good robustness to unknown parameters.

Water is the element around which this maintenance of life, an industrial expansion and an alarming growth of water pollution causes enormous difficulties of feeding which obliges us to worry about our health and our living conditions, because their repercussions prove very serious on our environment.\nIn this context, we have tried to give a detailed overview on the pollution of wadi Meboudja (North East of Algeria) by a working protocol based on surface water withdrawals from this oued in order to establish water quality and obtain databases relating to water pollution in Algeria.\nAnd within this framework the analysis of physico-chemical parameters such as : (T°, pH, CE, DO, BOD5, NO3 -, NO2-, Cl-, MES and fatty oils) is necessary in all along the wadi Meboudja (lover, center and downstream), in order to establish a diagnosis of the state of pollution of surface waters of this river.\nThe results obtained show that at the sites where waste water is discharged from the municipality of El Hdjar-Annaba and industrial discharges from the steel processing complex (Arcelormittal), the industrial area of Chaiba and Pont Bouchet, with discharges of agricultural products from the plain of El Hadjar - willaya of Annaba; There is an increase in the levels of nitrates, nitrites and chlorides as well as the potential of hydrogen, electrical conductivity and even the content of suspended matter and fatty oils; and all the latter leads to contamination and increased degrees of pollution of the waters of this wadi which become unusable and which generates an alarming danger by the fact that the latter is located in an urban area, agricultural and surmounting a sub-affleurante groundwater table. Moreover, the water from the wadi flows directly into the Mediterranean Sea through the Seybouse wadi without prior treatment.\nTherefore this situation requires biological, chemical and physical control and treatment in order to be usable by the public.

The paper examines the main technologies used for the production of primary circuits for substations correlated with the cost price and environmental impact in terms of space required for installation, CO2-equivalent emissions of equipment’s and other pollutants. An accurate assessment during the design stage of the risks and benefits of using a technical-economical solution can be a decisive factor in the strategy adopted to construct new substations or revamp the existing ones.

Objective: In this study we aimed to determine autoantibodies against exocrine pancreas (PAB), goblet cells antibody (IGCA), antibody against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), and perinuclear components of neutrophils (pANCA) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).\nMethods: A total of 102 patients (median age 36.93±11.93 years) with IBD (50 patients with Crohn’s disease, 52 patients with ulcerative colitis) and 50 healthy control subjects were included into the study. Serum antibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence.\nResults: ASCA was positive in 12% (n=6), PAB in 44% (n=22), IGCA in 24% (n=12), pANCA in 10% (n=5) of the patients with Crohn’s disease; and in 7.7% (n=4), PAB in 2% (n=1), IGCA in 36.5% (n=19), pANCA in 17.3% (n=9) of the patients with ulcerative colitis. Pancreatic antibodies correlated with an advanced degree in Crohn’s disease (p=0.0001), but other antibodies did not differ among study groups. \nConclusions: Autoantibodies against exocrine pancreas are valuable in the diagnosis in IBD rather than CD, but cannot be used alone for diagnostic purposes. All the autoantibodies may be helpful in non-invasive and differential diagnosis of UC and CD.

The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of Coloured horses by using microsatellite markers. In the study, samples from a total of 28 Coloured horse were genotyped using total 17 microsatellite markers, 12 of them are recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) and the other 5 loci included by the StockMarks Genotyping Kit. A total of 129 different alleles were identified and the average number of alleles was 7.588. The heterozygosity value (Ho) was 0.286 as the lowest (LEX3 marker) and 0.929 (HTG10 marker) as the highest among the markers; the expected lowest heterozygosity value (He) was determined as 0.607 (HTG4 marker) and the highest one was 0.876 (VHL20 marker). The mean Ho and He values were calculated as 0.729 and 0.771, respectively. On a population basis, the mean FIS and FIT values were 0.047. The mean PIC value was 0.741. In the phylogenetic tree formed by the neighbour joining tree (NJT), it was determined that the Coloured horses were generally categorized into 3 groups. Although statistically significant results (P = 0.01008) were found in the studies investigating whether the population of Coloured horses had the risk of extinction or not, it was determined that the data showed normal L distribution indicating no risk of recent extinction. In this study, we determined that the Coloured horses had a genetically important potential.

This paper proposes mathematical modeling of D-STATCOM based on Laplace transform technique in which the proposed model is in the complex frequency domain. All state variables in the model are transformed and therefore analyzed in dq reference frame. The proposed model can be linearised and then Laplace transform is applicable to transform the model into the frequency domain. Together with DC-link capacitor voltage control, the proposed D-STATCOM model of reactive power compensation can be evaluated. A simplified 11-kV, 2-bus test power system is employed for simulation. Satisfactory results obtained by simulating the proposed model are compared to those obtained by simulating the switching control of D-STATCOM power circuit created in MATLAB’s Power System Blockset. As a result, the effectiveness of proposed model is verified. It gave satisfactory responses to estimate nonlinear characteristics of the D-STATCOM operation.

This study proposes a new blind digital 3D model watermarking algorithm on the basis of the geometrical properties of a 3D model. The embedding process modifies only the carefully selected vertices in accordance with two criteria: the area of faces to which the vertices belong and the mean curvature value. The process aims to select the best domain for embedding and to enhance the imperceptibility and robustness of the watermarking algorithm. Experimental results show high imperceptibility and good resistance against numerous types of attack, such as cropping, translation, rotation, and noise addition. Furthermore, the implemented system successfully shored an efficient blind extraction method to extract the watermark without the original 3D model.

This paper presents a comparative study between sliding mode and fuzzy logic methods for maximum power tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic system, when the main goal is to extract the maximum power of photovoltaic panels. The role of the MPPT is to force the system for working at the maximum point for each change of the illumination or the temperature. P and O method is a classic MPPT technique, it is more attractive due to its simple and high efficiency, and we use it in this paper in order to validate the studied model. Sliding mode and ameliorate sliding mode are presented in second time. Sliding mode is a non-linear control technique; the main advantage of the variable structure control is the robustness when there is a change of parameters or disturbances, it gives a good maximum power operation under different conditions such as changing solar radiation and PV cell temperature. Finally fuzzy logic MPPT is treated. By using fuzzy logic technique the appropriate disturbance step is produced in order to obtain a fast system with an acceptable precision

This paper deals with a real time implementation of an autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) embedded predictive control application for a thermal benchmark system under an imperfect network connection. The control strategy is divided into two cooperative parts under a master-slave architecture, in which two STM32 microcontrollers are investigated. The slave board is closely connected to the process and the master one is a distant controller. The microcontrollers communicate wirelessly via the TCP/IP protocol. In the Master board, a model predictive controller based output-estimator is designed to wirelessly control the benchmark system even where the incoming outputs from the slave board are lost. On the other hand, a buffered structure is implemented in the slave board to compensate the input losses of the arrived control sequences. The proposed Wireless Networked Predictive Control (W-NPC) strategy presents good performances in set-point tracking and perturbation handling in the case of packet dropouts. In addition a comparative study with a Wireless Networked Proportional Integral controller (W-NPI) is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the W-NPC strategy.