Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is performed on aluminum alloys in a solid condition. Aluminum alloys are used mainly as structuring materials in Marine, Automobile and Aerospace industries. Durability of aluminum alloy material was analyzed using the fatigue strength of the material in various environment conditions. In this study, a dissimilar aluminum alloy AA5083-AA6061 joint was fabricated using friction stir welding and the fatigue behavior of AA5083, AA6061 and AA5083-AA6061 materials were studied. The results of experiments showed the display of the maximum fatigue strength of 139 MPa at 1 × 106 cycles by the aluminum alloy AA6061 and the dissimilar weld joint of AA5083 and AA6061 exhibited the lowest fatigue strength of 26 MPa at 1 × 106 cycles due to the hook defect. Further, a finite element analysis was performed and the findings of simulation were compared with the results of the experiments. The simulation results were well in line with the findings of the experiments. Additionally, the EDS analysis performed at weld centre displayed a larger presence of Al and Mg elements in the weld interface.

Sleep disorders occur to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially clients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Hemodialysis patients teated by Cognitive Behavior Theraphy (CBT) can significantly improve sleep quality, fatigue, depression, and anxiety. Self-help exercise (LPD) is part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) that combines relaxation and dhikir. This study aims to find out the effect of modification of self-absorption exercise on sleep quality of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. This research type is Quasy-Experiment research with a pre-post test design control group design study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used for pre-post test in this study. The independent variables of the study were modification of self-absorption exercise given for 18 days and done 2 times per day. The dependent variable was sleep quality, with sub variable of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction. The population of the study was PGK clients undergoing hemodialysis at Gambiran Hospital Kediri and met the criteria of the sample at the time of the research with purposive sampling technique which was divided into 11 treatment groups and 11 control groups. Mann Whitney test results obtained p = 0.004. The result showed that there was difference of sleep quality between those of the treatment groups and those of the control groups after LPD treatment, while Mann Whitney test result on sub variable of sleep quality only on subjective sleep quality showed there was difference between groups with p = 0,024. Based on the results of the study, the hospital, especially nurse staff, began to identify the problem of sleep disorders in clients with CKD with PSQI questionnaires and provide appropriate education issues of sleep disorders experienced by clients, and it can be suggested that the use of modification of self-freedom (self-submission) exercise as a companion therapy was effective to improve patient sleep quality CKD.

Nickel sulphide is a promising material for various functional applications and highly compatible with graphene oxide to make hybrid nanocomposites with outstanding characteristics for supercapacitor electrode material. In the present work, pure Nickel sulphide and Nickel sulphide/reduced graphene oxide (NiS/rGO) nanocomposites were synthesised by hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological and compositional properties of the composite were studied by comparing with pure NiS. The XRD patterns confirmed the crystal structure and phase of NiS and formation of NiS/rGO composite. The hierarchical structure of pure NiS and sheet like morphology of GO were confirmed by SEM images. The various functional groups of GO and NiS were confirmed by FTIR analysis. Further the FTIR demonstrated the in-situ reduction of GO into rGO as the intensity of the peaks related to various functional groups of GO were reduced in the composite. The electrochemical properties of the pure NiS and NiS/rGO composite have been studied by cyclic voltammetry analysis. Impedance of the pure and nanocomposites were analysed by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results revealed that the NiS/rGO nanocomposite exhibits high specific capacitance compared to pure NiS due to the synergistic effects of NiS and rGO in the composite material.

Low power transmission can be done by polymer (a non-metallic) gears instead of metallic due its low weight and self lubricating property which reduces the self weight as well as the cost of machine. At the same time the non-metallic gears posses lesser load bearing and strength characteristics, higher wear loss, prone to thermal failure, etc. Hence, this study aims to improve the wear resistance of composite gear by including the GF and SG into the Nylon66 and test is conducted using fabricated the Gear Test Rig at various speeds and different load conditions for continuously 12.5 hrs. Three categories, based on the materials used, of spur gears are fabricated by adopting the Injection Moulding technique. The variation in percentage of wear loss follows a similar pattern at all speeds. The percentage of wear loss is lower at 600 rpm and higher at 1200 rpm. At constant speed, the increase in load raises the wear loss for all three categories. The SEM image shows a uniform wear loss and localized lump in C-1 gear, fractured glass fibres are exposed in the C-2 gear, surface defects without any deep crack in C-3 gear. Higher efficiency exists in GF+SG combination at all speeds and loads. The GF is very effective at lower load conditions; but SG is efficient for increased loads.

BACKGROUND: Antenatal care is a service that women receive during pregnancy and is very important in helping to ensure that the mother and foetus are safe in pregnancy and childbirth. The antenatal care approach was emphasised at the time of the visit for normal pregnancy.\nAIM: The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the role of responsive and empathic midwives in implementing ANC with ANC visits by pregnant women in Sabutung Health Center, Pangkep Regency.\nMETHODS: This research was a cross-sectional. A total 35 participants were selected using purposive sampling method. Data was collected by questionnaire; data analysis were performed using Chi-Square statistical tests with alternative fisher\'s exact test at a degree of confidence α = 0.05.\nRESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the role of responsive midwives with ANC visits by pregnant women p = 0.012, and there was a significant relationship between the role of empathy midwives with ANC visits by pregnant women (p<0.001).\nCONCLUSION: There is a relationship between responsiveness and empathy and ANC visit of the mother. It is suggested that the Community Health Centre should improve the communication skills of the midwives in delivering antenatal care.

A study was carried out in farmer�s fields of Bahawalnagar and Bahawalpur during Kharif-2017 and Kharif-2018 in order to evaluate the effect of various levels of Zinc on the yield and quality of cotton. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Five levels of Zinc 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1 Zinc were applied. The results revealed the lowest average seed cotton yield of 2471 kg/ha and 2241 kg/ha in 2017 and 2018 respectively in control. While the highest yield of 2671 kg/ha and 2442 kg/ha was observed in 20 kg ha-1 Zinc treatment, respectively during 2017 and 2018 showing an increase of 8 % and 9% in yield over control. Maximum number of productive tillers per plant were observed in T5 (20 kg ha-1 Zinc) and minimum in T1 (control). Contrary to that the maximum plant height was observed in control in contrast to other treatments. The number of sympodial branches per plant, number of monopodial branches per plant were highest in T5 (20 kg ha-1 Zinc) and lowest in control. From the data it is evident that the plant height, plant population, number of sympodial branches per plant, and number of monopodial branches per plant, number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield were affected significantly by application of different doses of Zinc. While in case of plant population no any statistically significant difference was observed in all the treatments of Zinc. Hence the application of Zinc to cotton for better yield and quality is inevitable. Key words: Quality, yield, cotton, Zinc, fertilizer.

Workflow scheduling is the most focused research issue in the on-demand clouds where the user requirement satisfaction like cost and bandwidth is more difficult. There is various research works has been conducted earlier towards performing reliable workflow scheduling with the aim of reducing cost or execution time. However those works lack to produce better result by compromising any attributes for attaining the goal. The existing work lacks from the security where the tasks might get corrupted during execution. To resolve this problem an Enhanced Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (AFSA) based IaaS Cloud Partial Critical Path (IC-PCP) Replication and Hyper Elliptic Curve Cryptography (EAFSAIPR with HECC) is proposed. The main goal is to perform better workflow scheduling which can complete the task execution before deadline given by the users. This is done by predicting the early start time and latest finish time using AFSA algorithm, so that task replication can be made to meet the soft deadline constraint. The task authentication is done efficiently using HEEC algorithm, so that corruption from malicious users can be avoided. The task replication is done securely using the cryptographic algorithm. The proposed EAFSAIPR with HECC algorithm that uses idle time of provisioned resources to replicate workflow tasks optimally. The proposed EAFSAIPR algorithm scheduler focused to ensure the lowest cost while serving a deadline set by the user. The experimental results show that the scheduler can find good schedules of deadlines being met and reduces the total execution time of applications as the budget available for replication increases.

Research in Indonesia conducted in 2002 found that 15% experienced depression during pregnancy and 20% depression after childbirth. This is also in line with research conducted by Hassan in 2003 from the Department of Psychiatry, Padjajaran University, Subsequent research was conducted by Idaiani in the Jakarta and Bogor Region in the January-June 2018 period regarding the Depression during the Perinatal Period (PND) of 17,8% in Bogor. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self efficacy and mental health of pregnant women, this study was a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach, this study was conducted at the Parungpanjang Health Center in Bogor, the number of respondents in this study were 78 pregnant women in trimester 1\nthe result is V p value of 0.00 with an Od Ratio of 10.0. the conclusion is that there is a very significant relationship between self efficacy and mental health in pregnant women. advice that it is expected that both pregnant women themselves, need and must be sure of their abilities are also supported by their husband and family and fellow pregnant women.

In this research study, the performance based seismic design of existing high rise buildings of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, was carried out. Three different buildings are checked for Tier-1, considering deficiencies of these buildings the Tier-2 is conducted and then these buildings were analyzed for existing capacity considering expected earthquake of intensity related to zone 2B. Afterwards, a suitable retrofitting strategy is adopted considering all design constraints and the buildings were again analyzed to check the acceptance of the retrofitting option. The options are taken in such a way that the architecture and usage of structure might not disturb. It is clear from the results that the buildings can be retrofitted without any change in appearance or change in plans. This option of retrofitting may help the stakeholder to save the building and life of the hundreds of people working in the offices in these buildings with much less cost than that of rebuild, in case of any strong earth shake.

Nonholonomic properties induce the wheeled mobile robots to become severely nonlinear systems. The parameters of such a highly complex system are change with robot operation, and their parameters are not able to calculate precisely. To control such a nonlinear system, this paper introduces a combination of adaptive controller and PID controller. The cascaded controller is developed in order to assure the speed of the wheeled robot�s wheels with DC motors for tracking the paths. This Adaptive PID controller yields better results when compared to conventional techniques. The speed of the WMR can be increased without deviating from its path. It also reduces the oscillations and prevailed during the path tracking. Hardware results show the efficacy of the controller in trajectory tracking of WMR.

Inorganic fertilizers are considered the main source of water pollution in the intensively cultivated areas of Greece. Nitrates concentration in groundwater aquifer varies significantly between east and west part of Thessaly due to differences in precipitation which during the irrigation period is much higher in the western area of Thessaly.\nThe established monitoring network consists of two hundred seventy five representative, reliable and well distributed sampling points. The sampling took place twice (1st at the starting and 2nd at the end of the irrigation period). Maximum contents were recorded in East Thessaly for both sampling periods, while in total 16% of the samples were found at the nitrate vulnerable zone (>50 mg/l) and 4% at the potential vulnerable zone (40-50 mg/l). Subsequently, these variations were visually represented in thematic maps by using the Bayesian methodology, and clear differences were obvious between the western and eastern part of Thessaly. If is taken into account the overexploitation of groundwater for irrigation demands, it can be argued that the above mentioned reasons contribute substantially to pollution with nitrates. \nThe required N-fertilizer for crops varies and depends on a variety of factors. Among other soil type plays a dominant role, while nitrates inputs from groundwater in Thessaly could substitute 9.2 - 26.3% of the N fertilizer recommended for corn, and 6.4-19.0% for cotton. It was found that in eastern Thessaly the percentage of nitrogen which can be applied by irrigation water is approximately two fold higher compared to western Thessaly.\nPreliminary results indicated that a Code for Good Agricultural Practices should be implemented and farmers should apply rational farming practices. \nParticular attention should be paid to irrigation systems and farmers have to take into account both the amount of water and the quantity of nitrogenous fertilizers applied to the crops, in order to minimize its risks of losses. However in Thessaly, about 85-90% of farmers apply advanced irrigation systems regulating more precisely the water supply according to actual water requirements of crops. This reducing leaching risks of nitrates and downwards movement to groundwater aquifer.

Radar emitter recognition is developed to adapt to the new radar technology and the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment. It is the key development direction in the field of electronic countermeasures. Aiming at the problems of low recognition rate and difficult feature extraction of specific radar emitter, this paper proposes classification and recognition methods based on LSTM, CNN and PSO_PF-SVM respectively. Firstly, the radar waveform is normalized to obtain the envelope and phase information, then the envelope front and phase features are aligned, and then the processed feature information is sent to two kinds of network models for feature extraction. The classifier is a support vector machine (SVM) optimized by particle swarm optimization particle filter (PSO_PF) algorithm, Finally, the extracted features are sent to the classifier to realize the recognition of specific radar emitter. Two kinds of network models are used to identify radar emitter based on envelope front and phase features respectively, which has good computational complexity and recognition effect under the condition of low SNR. Simulation results show that when the SNR is 9dB, the recognition rate of the four methods in this paper is over 95% for three radar emitters. At 15dB, the recognition rate of the two network models based on the phase characteristics is 100%.

Food snacks as one of the entrances to the body\'s exposure to substances lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) which are sold in each school. BPOM reported that there were 100 cases of food poisoning that occurred until the end of the third quarter of 2015. The study aimed to determine the content of lead and cadmium in fried snacks at SD Karuwisi Complex in Makassar.\nResearch is a descriptive observational survey. The sample in this study was fried snacks sold at the Karuwisi Complex Elementary School. Sampling by purposive sampling.\nThe results showed that the lead content in snacks samples sold at SD Karuwisi Complex in Makassar City were fried rice at 0.10 ug / g, Jalangkote at 0.08 ug / g, fried tofu at 0.12 ug / g, processed meat ( sausages) by 0.2, bakwan by 0.23, skewers by 0.31 ug / g, fried bananas by 0.23 ug / g, meatballs by 0.15 ug / g, and fried potatoes by 0.35. For cadmium levels found in all types of snacks samples that are inserted and sold in the Karuwisi Complex Elementary School in Makassar City that have a value of <0.01 ppm. Lead and cadmium levels still meet the conditions of the determination. \nIt is recommended to tighten the supervision of the distribution of snacks, especially snacks for school children and provide education to school children about the importance of choosing clean food snacks and the dangers of hawking snacks in school.

Heat treatments are intended to obtain specific characteristics for the materials according to the way they are applied. Quenching is a treatment that consists in heating the part to its austenitization, which is followed by rapid cooling, that must be without diffusion. Thus, the martensitic microstructure is formed, which has high hardness and mechanical strength. High temperature drop usually occurs by submerging the heated material in fluids such as mineral oil, water and brines, which in most cases are at room temperature. Currently, aqueous polymeric solutions are being used for this procedure, which are mixtures of water with miscible polymers, since they have several advantages over quench fluids. The concentration of the solutions is a fundamental factor for the heat exchange capacity of the fluids and, consequently, the variation of this factor promotes the development of different mechanical properties in the tempered material. Thus, it is essential to know the change caused by the variation of solute in polymer-based fluids, since this factor can determine the success of the procedure in obtaining the target microstructure. So, the present work consisted of the evaluation of the temperature and cooling rate curves in relation to the immersion time of AISI 4140 steel, quenched in aqueous polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) polymeric solutions at concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25%. The observations were focused on two distinct points of the samples, one on its surface and one on its core, showing the difference of heat exchange inside and outside the piece. Aside from this, the loss of cooling capacity with increasing concentration of solutions was also widely evaluated.

Particulates reinforced aluminum hybrid composites has been developed using stir casting method by varying weight percentage (3 %, 6% and 9%) of B4C and keeping 3 % BN constant. Pin on disc of wear test has been used to investigate the wear properties and coefficient of friction of synthesized aluminum hybrid composites under dry sliding conditions by varying its load and sliding speed. The sliding distance had been maintained constant. The structural features of the synthesized composites were examined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and its morphological properties were studied by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Wear rate and coefficient of friction of synthesized hybrid composites has been significantly increased at all applied loads. SEM images of the worn out surfaces revealed that particulates micro fracture was the predominant mechanism associated with abrasive wear. Micro hardness of Aluminum hybrid been significantly increased due to incorporation of stronger and stiffer reinforced particles and it leads to low wear with high friction coefficient developed hybrid compared with monolithic material.

Background: The 2017 IDHS reports that the maternal mortality ratio in Sigi Regency in Central Sulawesi is still high at 309 per 100,000 live births. In the process of childbirth, the role of the husband is crucial and needed. For this reason, it is necessary to have reproductive health education for husbands by utilizing Android smartphones. Objective: This study aims to find out the effect of the e-toma nagaya cares (e-Tnc) ANC application on increasing husbands’ participation, midwives’ adherence and pregnant women’s satisfaction in regard to the early detection of high-risk pregnancy, Hb monitoring and Fe tablets provision as well as their effect on the maternal reproductive health. Methods: This study used a quasi-experiment method with pre- and post-tests in 11 villages in community health centers in the area of Tinggede and Marawola. The sample consisted of 3 groups: husbands (55 respondents), wives (55 respondents) and midwives (44 respondents). Univariable analysis was done with the Rasch model, bivariables with the numerical and categorical comparative tests, and differences with the T-test. Results: The study found that there was a difference in husbands’ participation in pre- and post-intervention in the early detection of high-risk pregnancies (p <0.002), Hb monitoring (p <0.001) and Fe tablets usage monitoring (p <0.001). For midwives, there was a difference in the early detection of high-risk pregnancy (p <0.001), Hb examination (p <0.001) and Fe tablets provision (p <0.003). There was also a difference in satisfaction of pregnant women with midwives in the early detection of the high-risk pregnancies (p <0.001), Hb (p <0.002) and Fe tablets (p <0.003). The use of “e-Tnc” ANC application among husbands and midwives had an impact on the reduction in the percentage of reproductive health problems of the wives (from 55.5% in pre-intervention to 9.1% in post-intervention). Conclusion: The application increased the husbands’ participation and the midwives\' adherence to the early detection of high-risk pregnancies, Hb monitoring and Fe tablets provision. In addition, it increased the satisfaction of pregnant women with midwives’ services in regard to the early detection of high-risk pregnancy, Hb monitoring and Fe tablets provision, as well as improved the wives’ reproductive health.

Introduction: One of the efforts towards healthy behavior is to implement clean and healthy lifestyle behavior program. Various problems, including health problems, arose after earthquakes, tsunami, and liquefaction that hit Palu. This problem was more felt by people who lived in refugee camps. The implementation of PHBS was essential with the aim of reducing the threat of infectious diseases and epidemics after the disaster. This research aimed to analyze the indicators of clean and healthy behavior after the disaster in Palu.\nMethods: This was a descriptive study. Data were collected three months after the disaster from 393 subjects. The subjects were given a questionnaire about clean and healthy behavior.\nResults: 77.1% of subjects who washed their hands using soap. Almost all subjects drank refill water (96.4%) and used the toilet (92.1%). Only about a third of subjects had proper trash bins. There were 92.1% who ate imperfect food composition. Stress and anxiety were still felt by 88.3% of the survivor, and 77.4% stated that it was easy to get health services. There were 15.8% who smoked. From 99 mothers who had children <2 years old, 70 of them were still breastfeeding. Ten people did not pay attention to their children among 251 subjects who had children.\nConclusions: The scope of achievement of each clean and healthy behavior indicator post-earthquake-tsunami-liquefaction varied greatly.

The criminal act on political crime in Indonesia become noteworthy when the political climate of democracy reaps ideological problems, dissatisfaction, a sense of justice, welfare, and equal rights in the eyes of the law. The shifts in political power and political interests often trigger political crimes between the interests of society / citizens and the government. Political crime is synonymous with political stability and the rights of the people / citizens. Political crime also adheres to other crimes directed at stability or political order. Special criminal acts of political crimes such as subversion are instruments of the political purpose of a group of people for certain political interests who try to change the direction and power of the state in unconstitutional ways. Political offenses or political crimes are categorized as special crimes or political crimes that have nuances of political interests, whether they can be charged with special criminal law so as to fulfill the sense of justice of a sovereign nation.

The aim of this work is to replace the carcinogenetic asbestos in brake pads and to optimize the properties of composites fabricated using bio-waste horn powder, phenol formaldehyde and other ingredients. The specimens were fabricated according to Taguchi L9 (3x3) orthogonal array using hot compression moulding. Mechanical, thermal and micro-structural properties of the specimens were studied. The factors were optimized using grey relational analysis and analysis of variance. The optimal factors were found to be NaOH concentration with 0.1 Normality, horn powder particle size with 125 μm and horn powder volume content with 10%. From SEM images, good compatibility between the horn powder and the matrix was observed for the optimal horn powder content. The influencing factors were horn powder volume content with 83.10%, horn powder particle size with 10.18% and NaOH concentration with 2.02%. Most of the R2 and adjusted R2 values of optimization were above 95%, confirming a 95% confidence level. From confirmation experiments, specimen with horn powder particle size of 125 μm and 15% by volume of horn powder content was found to be the optimal.

Background: 2-Methoxyethanol (2-ME) can increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production that cause damages to the male reproductive organs such as Sertoli cell. Xanthone is one of the natural antioxidant that can neutralize ROS. Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the protective mechanism of xanthone on 2-ME-induced Sertoli cell oxidative damage. Methods: The research used 35 male mice divided into 5 groups: control group (mice were given daily with water purified by distillation); 2-ME group (mice were given daily with 2-ME 200 mg/kg BW orally once in a day for 35 days); and the treatment group ( mice were given the xanthone 60 mg, 120 mg, and 240 mg/kg BW orally once in a day for 38 days, and on the 3th day, were given 2-ME 200 mg/kg BW one hour after the xanthone administration). After 38 days, the testis tissues were collected to evaluate the immunohistochemical of the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) in Sertoli cell. Testis tissue was also taken to histological evaluations of Sertoli cell number. Results: The immunohistochemical evaluation showed that 2-ME administration significantly decreased the expression of SOD, GPx, and increased the expression of MDA in Sertoli cell. The histopathological evaluations showed that 2-ME also significantly decreased Sertoli cell number. However, administration of xanthone significantly increased the expression of SOD, GPx, and decreased the expression of MDA on Sertoli cell in immunohistochemical evaluation. Xanthone significantly increased Sertoli cell number in histopathological evaluation. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicate that xanthone as antioxidant agent is able to increase Sertoli cell number in mice treated with 2-ME through decreased MDA expression, and increased both SOD and GPx expression

Diabetic ulcers are open sores on the skin surface due to blockages in blood vessels in the legs and peripheral neuropathy due to high blood sugar levels. Dioscorea Hispida Dennst are one of the traditional plants that are widely used for healing diabetic ulcer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dioscorea hispida dennst in accelerating the healing process of diabetic ulcers in working area of health center of mamuju. The research method and design used in this study is a quasi experiment with a pre-post test with control group design. In this study using a NaCl 0.9% treatments and dioscorea hispida dennst treatments. The average length of wound on day 21 by using dioscorea hispida dennst: 64.29 while using NaCl 0.9% is 8.5 with p value 0.012. Average wound width using dioscorea hispida dennst: 61.80, wound width using NaCl 0.9% is 4.8 with p value 0.000. The average wound depth with dioscorea hispida dennst is 76.89, while with NaCl 0.9% is 0.000 with p value 0.000. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the dioscorea hispida dennst are more effective in accelerating the healing of diabetic ulcers compared with 0.9% NaCl. It is hoped that the community will use dioscorea hispida dennst in healing diabetic ulcers.

Based on the Integrated Tuberculosis (TB) Information System report in 2016, the TB incidence rate in Indonesia is estimated 129 per 100,000 population, almost reaching twice than Korea. The efforts to reduce the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis can be conducted by reducing the risk of transmission through the patient sputum drug compliance.\nThe research type is a quantitative study with quasi-experimental design which is divided into 3 groups, namely the intervention group that receives bag waterproof plastic container, bottle waterproof plastic container that both contains a 4-chloro-alpha-phenyl-o-cresol (klorofenol) desinfectant with concentration of 5% as a killer of TB bacilli accompanied by promotional messages and control group (without intervention). The population is all patients with pulmonary TB Acid Fast Bacilli positive (AFB+) aged > 12 years old who come for treatment to all community health centers that have Microscopic Reference Center (MRC) facility and use Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) strategy in Medan. The sample is selected by consecutive sampling.\nThere is a significant difference (p<0.05) of the risk of pulmonary TB transmission according to the role of the DSS between the treatment groups using plastic bags containers and plastic bottles with control group. There is a significant difference (p<0.05) the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission based on drug compliance between the treatment groups using plastic bag containers and plastic bottles with control group. The use of containers containing the killer desinfectant of TB bacilli in sputum accompanied by promotional messages on the walls of the container is effective in reducing the risk of TB transmission from patients with Acid Fast Bacilli positive (AFB+) pulmonary TB.

The kingdom of Saudi Arabia produces almost 400 varieties, is the largest producer of dates in the worlds in dates fruit industries. The date’s industries have facing problems in date grading and sorting during harvesting and agriculture products industries. Since human experts have some limitations such as tedious and timing delay consuming the processing delay as a result of date products costly. The computer vision algorithms are used to reduce the powers of mankind by automatically detect and classify an image. The main aim of the computer vision-based algorithms for data fruits grading and sorting is to make the procedure fully automated and reduce human interference. The computer vision algorithm uses RGB pictures, which automatically abstracts the aforesaid exterior date class arrangements. Based on the extracted algorithms, the proposed vision-based machine automatically classifies dates into three different quality based categories (class A, B, and C) defined by the user. The paper studied the accuracy of the computer vision-based algorithm based on pre-selected date fruits samples from different field in Al-Qassim, Sudi Arabia. The experimental grades classification illustrated that the proposed algorithm is able to sort the date’s fruits up to 99% precisely.

Natural disasters such as earthquake, flood and Tsunami constitute unexpected and severe threats with devastating effects on communities worldwide. To minimize the insufficient needs during flood, it is important for the rescuers to trap victims and provide their needs. IoT gives solution and essential resources to reduce the impact on the natural disaster. The main aim of this work is to help the victims to get their actual needs and giving training of first responders in disaster preparedness and response activities. Hence the Virtual Reality (VR) framework increases the public awareness and creates a realistic 3D gaming environment by using Gamification technique. The system is supported by wireless communication to interact with the real world and analyze user’s actions and to intimate rescue team about the need of people in massive floods. Therefore the proposed work provides the comfortable environment and leads the authorities to help the needed people.