Quantitative feedback theory (QFT) is effective for designing robust controllers. However, they are often over designed and the controller performance could be still improved. In this paper, a fuzzy-QFT controller that is robust to different load messes and environmental stiffnesses is designed for an electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA). A QFT controller is synthesized according to specified specifications, it is next combined with fuzzy logic to obtain better performance. Simulation results show that the designed fuzzy-QFT controller can satisfy requirements. In addition, compared with the traditional QFT controller, the fuzzy-QFT controller can decrease the settling time by around 16% because of its self-tuning ability according to the varying working conditions.

Achieving the pollution-carbon co-reduction is of great significance for global environmental governance and addressing climate change. This study employs a coupling coordination model to evaluate the level of pollution-carbon co-reduction across 30 provinces and 280 cities in China from 2006 to 2021. It then utilizes a linear mixed-effects model to explore the drivers of pollution-carbon co-reduction. The key findings are: (1) The level of pollution-carbon co-reduction in China’s provinces and cities shows a slight downward trend; (2) The co-reduction at the provincial level is higher than that at the city level, indicating the need to further improve co-reduction efforts at the city level; (3) Economic development, population growth, environmental governance, and technological innovation have a beneficial effect on the co-reduction at both the provincial and city levels. (4) The industrial structure has opposite effects on the pollution-carbon co-reduction at the provincial and city levels, which helps improve the co-reduction in cities but reduces it at the provincial level.

The study compares the online and face-to-face Mathematics examination results of students in a particular university in a South African higher Learning Institution. Literature was reviewed to establish what is being said about online as compared to face-to-face examinations. The examination results for Mathematics 1 and 2, both online and face-to-face, at a particular university in South Africa, were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and compared. The results analysed in Mathematics 2 were for the same students who passed Mathematics 1 and proceeded to Mathematics 2. Both Mathematics 1 and Mathematics 2 had online and face-to-face tests. There was a discrepancy between the online and the faceto-face results. Mathematics 1 had 1994 students enrolled and had a pass rate of 93% out of 1030 who wrote the examination, and a success rate of 48%. Mathematics 2, which had 2283 students enrolled, had a pass rate of 77 % out of 1550 who wrote the examination and a success rate of 53%. For both modules, the online component was far better as compared to the face-to-face component. The results made the university very careful when it comes to online tests or examinations. Only proctored online tests or examinations should be given.

The article is devoted to the problem of managerial competence formation in the educational system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors emphasize that at the present stage of the education system development, the country needs managers of a new type, but there is very little research in this area. A survey was conducted among the administrative and teaching staff of six major universities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Respondents were asked to describe qualities that they thought were necessary for a manager working in the education system. As a result of content analysis, 7 groups of qualities were singled out: strategic, communicative, organizational, psychological, pedagogical, entrepreneurial, and political. It is noted that the most frequently mentioned are the groups corresponding to the traditional understanding of manager's role. On the other hand, the percentage of people who see manager as a democratic leader is also significant. A brief summary of the results and prospects for further research are outlined in the conclusion

In a life time, a person visits several hospitals to undergo medical examination for various health issues. When new health issues occur, a record of recent medical reports is necessary for diagnosis. Therefore it is crucial to exchange patient’s diagnostic information between the hospitals securely. To transmit such information securely in deceptive environment the effective way is encrypting and hiding it over patient digital photographic image and medical image. Among the various hiding techniques the most widely used technique for medical images is the Least Significant Bit (LSB) substitution technique. Many LSB substitution techniques were developed to enhance both security and image quality of stego-medical images. However, existing approaches were failed to maintain the quality of original images. To overcome this problem we proposed an Adaptive Row-Column (ARC) approach for LSB substitution technique that minimize mean square error(MSE) values and maximize the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) to get both enhanced security and image quality. To further enhance the security and image quality of stego-medical images ARC algorithm is extended to embed both original and inverted cipher text (ARC-OI).

The present work concerns the estimation of the rodent’s damages on the Arachis hypogaea L., 1753 and the Pisum sativum L., 1753 in the Souf region (south-east Algeria). The considered station 1 presents by 4 ha of the surface and the station 2 has a surface of 3 ha, located in the northwest of the Souf region. Pendant the period from October till December 2024. The station 3 takes a surface of 10 ha, it is located in the northwest of the Souf region. During February 2025. The first reflections of the damages amount in a deterioration of the harvest, in particular the pods broken or drilled and cut petioles, even so said eaten away times. However, the first estimations of the damages are estimated at approximately 15 % for the peanut and of 35 % for the pea of the total production, which is attacked. Captures realized on the spot show that the author of these acts is Gerbillus sp. Concerning the plots of land of the peanut and Rattus rattus who concerns the plot of pea land.

The combination of both Fibre and Wireless (Fi-Wi) offer super bandwidth for bolstering the future services of wireless access point. An optic fibre communication is becoming one of the infrastructure medium for providing vast bandwidth for both mobile and fixed users to support video on the internet applications. This can be realized by substituting the electrical components of traditional network with optic ones. However, The Radio over Fibre (RoF) technology is considered a reliable and cost-effective tool to distribute simple and small Remote Antenna Units (RAUs) in the wireless access networks. The central operation can achieve a dynamic resource allocation to small cells. In this paper, a new radio/millimeter over fibre link is proposed using Single Mode Fibre (SMF). The simulation model is built in Matlab environment. The performance is reported for various lengths of SMF and wireless channel distances. The system transports 10 Gbit/s pseudo random sequence data modulated on 60 GHz carrier using Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), the result is modulated by electro optic modulator based on 1550 nm coherent optical carrier. The Quality of Service (QoS) of the system relies on attenuation impairments and chromatic dispersion of SMF.

Two dimensional scattering and diffraction of plane SH-waves by a cylindrical tunnel surrounded by a homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic wedge-space is studied. Steady-state analytical solutions are obtained by using the method of wave function expansion. Stress-free conditions at flat surfaces are satisfied by image technique and addition theorems. Due to the utilization of the image technique, the solutions are obtained for a fixed vertex angle and two different angles of incidence. It is shown that both the location and the material properties of the tunnel remarkably affects surface motions. These effects are demonstrated by graphics.