The study focuses on several aspects of cross-border cooperation between EU member states and non-member states, respectively Romania, the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine, within the Euro-regions formed since the 90\'s, which are considered of greater importance for the future sustainable development of the analysed areas. There are identified the main determinants of development, as well as the main barriers that over the years have influenced socio-economic development, taking into account that based on them various governmental, regional or local scenarios can be designed for the future.\nThe data provided by the national statistical institutes of all three countries were used in this paper. Also, the results of the paper are a synthesis of the results of the socio-economic analysis performed by various researchers from Romania, Republic of Moldova, and Ukraine. The results of previous SWOT analyses, which identified the opportunities of the regions and the main threats given the existing strengths and weaknesses were particularly useful. The main social and economic indicators recorded in national statistics were used, divided into the following categories: population and labour force, social and cultural dimensions, agriculture and forestry, other economic activities, transport, and technical infrastructure. For each category, several main indicators were analysed.\nThe results show that, at present, there are many differences in the investigated Euro-regions caused by the different national policies applied or the institutional strategies implemented. However, we can consider that the investigated Euro-regions are viable areas, as the limits of economic interests rarely coincide with the socio-cultural limits, and the historical borders are not always considered political-administrative barriers. In fact, a spiritual cross-border relationship works, generating collective identity, to the detriment of differences in language, history or promoted economic policies.

In this work we study the effect of drying in the shade on the water and essential oil (HE) content of Pinus halepensis needles by dielectric parameters, the results of the experimental study carried out showed a decrease exponential of the vegetation mass with the drying time. A peak in mass of the HE extracted by hydrodistillation is recorded at the turn of the 4th day of drying. The dielectric spectra of the permittivity of HE display two relaxation processes, the first corresponds to the solid phase the other to the liquid phase of the vegetation. The observed behavior of the conductivity (dc) of Pinus halepensis needles makes it possible to estimate the drying time electrically for the temperature and humidity conditions of the experiment. The flammability study has revealed a peak in the flame residence time around the 4th day of drying, which agrees with the increase in the mass of essential oils which, when evaporated, allows the emission of a sufficient amount of VOCs. The ignition time records a non-linear decrease with the drying time.

The research addressed defining juvenile delinquents according to Jordanian Law in terms of modernity, juvenile delinquency factors, the application scope of juvenile law, and juvenile legal proceedings. The research also explained the juvenile judicial police in terms of juvenile police, guarantees of investigating juveniles, settlement procedures in juvenile cases, and the stages of settlement procedures, in addition to the implications of such procedures. Several results were concluded and recommendations were made, which included expanding the legal protection of juveniles and expanding the norms of alternative means in order to settle juvenile disputes.

This work proposes a double quantum dot (QD) structure as an intermediate band for developing solar cell performance. The density matrix equations are written for this system to obtain the QD solar cell relaxation rates. Through this modeling, the momentum matrix elements of QD-QD, QD-wetting layer (WL), and WL-barrier transitions are calculated and the orthogonalized plane wave is assumed for WL-QD. This type of formulation is used for the first time and covers more characteristics than the rate equation modeling by addressing the interaction between all the states. Results are simulated the excitonic and show the importance of adding the QD layer. For the eh model, the valence band relaxations are of the same order and higher than corresponding conduction band rates.

Objective: Various surgical techniques have been used to manage odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Here, we retrospectively evaluated OKC recurrence rates after enucleation, with and without application of Carnoy’s solution.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Seventy-seven patients with OKCs treated between 2007 and 2017 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University were included in this study. \n\n\nTreatment was performed via enucleation (Group I) or enucleation with application of Carnoy’s solution (Group II). The mean follow-up time was 46.7 months. The following data were recorded: management methods, patient sex and age, lesion location, and inflammation status.\n\nResults: The recurrence rates in Groups I and II were 13.1% and 6.1%, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.454). \n\nConclusions: The group treated with Carnoy’s solution tended to exhibit less recurrence.

The significant growth of wind power has significant challenges due to the inconsistency and uncertainty of Wind Power Generation (WPG) to ensure the proper operation of power system. Mainly, the voltage and frequency fluctuations and harmonics have a high impact on the power generation and distribution system in any one case is high the power quality grid systems is reduced. This can be largely solved with proper design, advanced rapid response control facilities and optimization of power systems. The wind power calculation is a good approach to overcome the problem. This work, proposed a new type of Multi-term wind energy with the IEEE 30 bus forecasting system based on digital weather forecasting and error modification methods. A Novel technique based on the Evolutionary Energy- Preserve Rate Clustering (EEPRC) has been implemented to evaluate the probability ratio in wind error energy prediction. The error assessment model is also proposed in this paper, which has the advantage of estimating from real wind farms and statistical weather forecast data and has proven to be a nominal method for improving the predictive accuracy of Multi-term wind power generation. The main objective of the Preserve Rate Clustering method is to calculate the uncertainty real-time data with predicted value. The proposed wind forecasting system is utilized in the Coastal-area based energy generation also it has been demonstrated wind speed, wind power generation with its probability ratio has been evaluated with the EEPRC based forecasting technique, especially for its powerful predictive capability for the complex properties of the controller function.

Background: The antioxidants can be used for protective in oxidative stress that is one of the important mechanisms of 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME)-induced testistoxicity. The current study was carried out to evaluate The protective effect of xanthone via Malondialdehyde(MDA)and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)expression on mice Sertoli cell induced by 2-Methoxyethanolon the Sertolicell number induced by 2-ME in mice. Methods: The study used 35 male mice divided into 5 groups: control group (mice were given daily with water purified by distillation); 2-ME group (mice were given daily with 2-ME 200 mg/kg BW orally once in a day for 35 days); and the treatment group ( mice were given the xanthone 60 mg, 120 mg, and 240 mg/kg BW orally once in a day for 38 days, and on the 3th day, were given 2-ME 200 mg/kg BW one hour after the xanthone administration). After 38 days, the testis tissues were collected to evaluate the histological of Sertolicell number, and also evaluated the immunohistochemicalof MDA and SODexpression on Sertolicell. Results: The result showed that 2-ME administration significantly increased MDA expression, and decreased both SODexpression and the number of Sertoli cells. However, the treatmentof xanthone significantlydecreased MDA expression, andincreased the expression of SODofthe Sertoli cellin the immunohistochemical. Xanthone also significantly increased the Sertoli cell number in histopathological evaluation.

The main focus on the integration of renewable energy generation with the generation of conventional grid to meet out the energy demand has necessitated to the maintenance of the state variables within the specified limits. This challenge is facilitated by power system state estimation. State estimation is the process of entrusting a value to an unknown system state variable based on measurement from that system according to system conditions. This paper presents a decentralized state estimation technique to estimate the state of a hybrid AC/DC Network. The hybrid network is formed by integrating the 5 bus DC system to IEEE 24 bus Reliability Test system through an Interlinking Converter (ILC). The state estimation problem for the hybrid system is solved in a centralized and decentralized manner. The values obtained from the estimators are compared with the true values and their performance is analyzed based on its accuracy and robustness.

The current study shows a data base that containing the concentration of radon-222 , the content of effective radium, the radon exhalation rate, emanation rate of radon, and risk indicators in hair dyes samples in Najran city. In this experimental work, we implement the first environmental radon concentration and emanation measurements for 39 samples of imported and local hair dyes collected from local markets in Najran city. The activity of Rn-222 was assessed using the detection chamber depend on polymer detector of CR-39. The average Rn-222 concentration in (Bqm-3) for all samples of hair dyes is within the acceptable value of 100 Bqm-3 stated by WHO [1]. The concentration range of Ra-226 in hair dyes samples is 0.78±0.39 to 25.15±2.28 Bqkg-1,and averaging 10.55±3.30Bgkg-1. The radon emanation coefficient values are constant and the values of effective equivalent alpha dose and excess lifetime cancer risk are within its agencies\' recommended values.

Squeeze casting process is the result of search of newer processes attempted by aerospace and automotive sectors aimed at producing defect free components in a shorter time. A wide melting range of metals and alloys can be processed using squeeze casting process such as from the lowest range of lead to the highest range of iron respectively. However, today’s industrial scenario dictates the usage of lighter materials such as aluminium and magnesium in the said industries. In this attempt, the squeeze cast components of aluminium alloy AA6061 were produced by varying the squeeze pressure at certain levels. The mechanical properties namely impact strength and hardness of the squeeze cast components were evaluated. The near optimal process parameter level combination was found using Taguchi Method. The results indicated that the component obtained at 100 Mpa of squeeze pressure exhibited maximum mechanical properties.

This paper evaluates the performance of eight tests with null hypothesis of cointegration on basis of probabilities of Type I and II Errors using Monte Carlo Simulations. This study uses a variety of 132 different data generations covering three cases of deterministic part and four sample sizes. The three cases of deterministic part considered are: absence of both intercept and linear time trend, presence of only the intercept and presence of both the intercept and linear time trend. It is found that all of tests have either larger or smaller probabilities of Type I Error and concluded that tests face either problems of over rejection or under rejection, when asymptotic critical values are used. It is also concluded that use of simulated critical values leads to controlled probability of Type I Error. So, the use of asymptotic critical values may be avoided, and the use of simulated critical values is highly recommended. It is found and concluded that LM type test proposed by (Leybourne and McCabe 1994) performs better than rest for all specifications of deterministic part and sample sizes.

This study examines the impact of foreign exchange rate policy and gross fixed capital formation on the economic growth of Nigeria from 1989-2017. The Secondary data used for this study were obtained from the Statistical Bulletin issued by Central Bank of Nigeria. Linear regression model otherwise known as Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was used to analyze the collected data. The foreign exchange and gross fixed capital formation are the independent variables while real gross domestic product a proxy for economic growth is the dependent variable. The study revealed that there is a positive insignificant impact of foreign exchange on economic growth. However, the gross fixed capital formation has positive significant impact on the Nigerian economic growth. The finding of the study also indicates that both foreign exchange and gross fixed capital formation explain about 97% of the variation in the Nigerian economic growth. The study recommends that to reduce pressure on foreign exchange; government must encourage the consumption of consumer items being produced locally rather than the imported ones from foreign countries. The government also needs to enact favourable business rules and regulations that would encourage the investors to invest in Nigerian economy. This would increase the capital inflows thus provides the capital for the needed expansion of the economy.