Vibrations are induced in the hydraulic turbines due to intense pressure fluctuations caused by the growth and collapse of bubbles during cavitations. The vibration of the structures of the turbine assembly was studied with elastic properties of the structure to match the hydrodynamic properties of the flow. There can be resonance when the induced frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the turbine structure and concrete foundation. Vibration tests are carried out to determine the frequency likely to cause resonance in the turbine supporting structure and the foundation. In the case of cavitations induced in the flow system, the primary forces involved are the pressure forces and inertia forces. The proposed system with a simplified algorithmic design approach gives a wide range of input and output membership functions. The proposed fuzzy approach verified by using MATLAB simulation and results is found in line with the calculated values.
Background: The human foot, containing about 26 bones is highly developed for movement, balance and weight bearing. It is modified into medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal and transverse arches which in addition to the above functions, play a role in protecting the plantar tissues and neurovascular structures. Morphometry of the navicular, one of the bones of the foot which plays an important role in the medial longitudinal arch was investigated in this study.\nMethodology: One hundred and fifty adult dry navicular bones were used. Navicular breadth, height, maximum thickness, maximum talar facet height and breadth, maximum cuneiform facet height and breadth, and maximum navicular tuberosity projection height were measured using Vernier callipers.\nThe anatomical features were used to determine the side. Bones with features that suggest previous fractures or any previous pathology were excluded from this study.\nEthical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Department of Anatomy, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria\nResults: The navicular bone showed great variations in its left and right side, with the values of the dimensions on the left being higher than the right. An understanding of these variations will be helpful to medical scientists, osteologists and orthopaedic surgeons during surgical intervention on navicular bone fracture and accessory navicular syndrome.
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the most important tropical fruits internationally, both for the industry and for fresh consumption; it is an important source of antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. The present work had as objectives the evaluation of wild papaya specimens of the Almendares-Vento basin, with the use of morphoagronomic descriptors that allow assessing the productive potential and characters of interest for the genetic improvement of C. papaya. The results show that the population of wild papaya in the study basin consists of a small number of specimens with high morphoagronomic variability. The fruits have physical and bromatological properties of quality, aspects that make it a promising plant genetic resource, which can be used as a genetic material for the improvement of papaya and as an alternative production, based on its productive potential.
The electric power sector contributes significantly to China’s economic growth. However, rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to energy shortages. More than 70% of customers’ demand is fulfilled by fossil fuel sources that threaten the environment. The rapid increase in demand and the need for decarbonization has forced China to work on demand side management as a way of meeting the power needs of the country. Though DSM is receiving much importance in China over the past few years, it’s still in the early phases of development in comparison to other developed countries. At first, this paper points out the need of demand response , which is an aspect of the DSM, for maintaining power system stability and integrating variable renewable energy resources such as wind (on-shore and off-shore) and solar (photovoltaic and concentrated solar power). Then, it assesses China power sector reforms and changes in demand response policies over the period of time to promote demand response programs. It also reviews current demand response pilot projects in China, identifies technical and policy barriers in implementing these projects and proposes recommendations to make it successful across the whole country.