Response mechanisms leakage currents on outdoor insulators when drizzling rains occur after the dry season are essential to predict the risk of flashover exposed to environmental pollution in ageing insulators. It can be used as initial information by network maintenance operators to act in the field. The main objective of this paper is to determine the effect of pollution accumulation and wetting on the surface of the insulator on the leakage current at the beginning of the rainy season after the dry season based on real-time monitoring. Monitoring was carried out on silicone rubber-SIR polymeric insulators and porcelain insulators installed on transmission towers or distribution lines on days with drizzling rain and no rain on ageing insulators. Based on the leakage current curve and statistical analysis results, drizzle during the day and night does not significantly affect the increase in leakage current in polymer insulators, except when the temperature is above 35oC, where the leakage current varies slightly over a wide range. Likewise, for porcelain insulators, the significance value, standard error, and determination value of R2 indicate a correspondence between leakage current and humidity, which means that there is a positive correlation between leakage current and moisture at the beginning of the rainy season with a significant value of P less than 0.05 (P < 0.05) and minimum standard errors of 0.028 and 0.044 for linear and exponential curves, respectively.

The insulation materials are used to reduce heat loss to/from the ducts with additional investment. This study aims to reduce this additional investment in the duct application with an air gap. It conducts Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis to determine the economic benefits of the air gap. The analysis considers four insulation materials and natural gas as an energy source for chiller operation. The preliminary data regarding design and operating parameters were obtained from a renowned pharmaceutical company. Using the preliminary data and ambient conditions, the annual energy loss through the duct was estimated for given operation hours in a year. The estimated energy loss through the duct is fed in LCC analysis to determine the impact of the air gap on optimum insulation thickness corresponding to the minimum LCC and payback period. The results show that the introduced air gap in an insulated duct lowers the optimum insulation thickness for the duct. As a result, the air gap maximizes the cost savings and minimizes the payback period. The expanded polystyrene is investigated as the most economical with maximum cost savings of USD$508.8-USD$766.8/m/year and a payback period of 1.15-1.17years for the duct applications. Contrary, the air gap is determined the most effective in terms of cost and emission savings for the ducts insulated with rock wool. In conclusion, an air gap is an economical option for duct applications.

Paraquat (PQ) depletes our natural anti-oxidant defense mechanism in circumstances of toxicity, hence the continuous search for therapeutics remedies. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) contains fatty acids, tocopherols and sterols which accounts for its anti-oxidative properties. Twenty four Wistar rats (150-200g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) of 6 rats each. Group A served as control, received 5ml/kg normal saline daily for 24 days. Group B received normal saline and an oral dose of 12.75 mg/kg b.w.t of Paraquat for the last 3 days of the experimental period which lasted for 24 days. Group C and D were administered with 5ml/kg and 10ml/kg of VCO respectively for 21 days before Paraquat. At the end of experiment, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. The liver was harvested for routine H & E technique. Group B had significant (p≤0.05) increase in the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, MDA with an accompanying decrease (p≤0.05) in SOD when compared with control. Pre-treatment with high dose of VCO significantly (p≤0.05) lowered the ALT, AST, and ALP, MDA with an increase (p≤0.05) in SOD when compared with group B. Histological evaluation revealed minimal hepatic damage caused by Paraquat following VCO supplementation. Thus, VCO possesses a promising protection against Paraquat-induced liver injury. However, this may be high dose dependent.

The phosphate industry is one of the main sectors of the economy of morocco. However, it generates millions of tons of waste annually especially that of phosphate sludge, which spreads over large areas to the detriment of arable land. In this study, we propose phosphate solubilizing bacteria as an innovative and ecological strategy for the solubilization of phosphate sludge, which must contribute to re-exploit this sludge and stop its spread. Two bacterial isolates PS1 and PS2 were isolated from the rhizosphere of plant grown on the studied sludges and identified as Sphingobacterium suaedae T47 and Bacillus cereus 263AG5\'. The two bacteria were able to solubilize the tricalcium phosphate and phosphate sludge in NBRIP and NBRIP-PS solid and liquid media respectively. Inoculation of washed phosphate sludge by PS1 and PS2 bacteria in microcosm test, increased the available Olsen-P from 5.85 ppm to 50.95 ppm and to 41,27 ppm respectively. In the case of non-washed phosphate sludge, the available Olsen-P was also increased from 47.8 ppm to 61.93 ppm and 59.24 ppm, respectively. The studied bacteria were also able to produce indole acetic acid, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, H2S and CO2. 20% of the phosphate sludge is the optimal percentage that stimulates more the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris and it had significantly the same effect as the agricultural soil. Inoculation of PS1 and PS2 bacteria increases significantly plant growth especially PS1 bacteria.

INTRODUCTION: Arterial diameter is important for the assessment of vascular functions and anomalies. The popliteal artery being one of the major arteries prone to aneurysm, has been understudied in sub-saharan African populations and there is no population-specific study on the morphology of this important artery of the lower limb. AIM: The study was aimed at assessing the diameter of popliteal artery and its relationship with known anthropometric variables. METHODS: Eighty (80) apparently healthy young male adults between the ages of 20-30 consented to participate in this study. The measurement sites were located and marked at the popliteal fossa. The external diameter of popliteal artery was determined using Brightness mode real time ultrasound scan at the mid-popliteal (MPOP) artery. The height, weight and Body Mass Index of the subjects were evaluated using standard anthropometric protocols, with necessary precautions taken. RESULTS: Results showed that the mean±SD of the Popliteal artery diameter was 8.34±0.95mm. Mean age ±SD of subjects was 24.18±.99years and height was 170.4 ±6.4cm. The mean weight of subjects was 64.4±9.1kg while mean BMI was 22.2±3.1kgm2. Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed a positive significant correlation between popliteal artery diameter and age (r = 0.499, P< 0.05), weight (r = 0.396, P< 0.05), and BMI (r = 0.364, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This is the first description of the morphological attributes of the Popliteal artery in an African population and the findings will be important in understanding the functional disposition of the artery in a sub-saharan African population.

In the following research, forty durum wheat gene sequence (Triticum durum) that are emanated from the Azerbaijan Republic and Iran were estimated in water tensioned and also enough-watered conditions in three years 2015 till 2018 product years. In every surrounding, the gene sequences were estimated utilizing the whole block models that are chosen accidentally by 3 iterations. From the data of the seed product, dehydration endurance indicators including stability tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), tolerance index (TOL), yield stability index (YSI), and yield index (YI) have measured for each gene sequence. The yielding has investigated as attained from a whole block model that is chosen accidentally. Considerable variations between gene sequences have been recognized for the indicators of the whole dehydration endurance. Large product amount in tension was presented by gene sequence ‘40 (4411.22 Kg ha -1) and non-tension surroundings was presented by and ‘32’ (4256.34 Kg ha -1). The highest amount of STI (1.07), MP (3642.11) and GMP (3590.85) indicators have related to gene sequence ‘35’. The largest amount of YI (1.24) has been from gene sequence ‘39’ and ‘21’. Association ratios showed that TOL, MP, GMP, STI, HM, and YI indicators can efficiently be utilized to screen the dehydration endurance gene sequence. Utilizing MP, GMP, TOL, YI and STI indicators, gene sequence UPGMA assortment has accomplished and 3 groups have been initiated where matched the bi-plot investigation outcomes. in this investigation, by considering the outcomes, G10 and G 35 was the maximum dehydration endurance gene sequence that was classified as cluster A. endurance indicators containing MP, GMP, and STI are appropriate for Durum wheat dehydration endurance gene sequence choice has been proposed.

The development of technology, culture, and many other aspects has given influences to the independence of education institutions, one of them is on the aspect of education funding. Therefore, the leadership aspect is very strategic in an Islamic education institution because a leader has the authority to do some innovations, make policies and created programs to improve the financial independence of the institutions. This research analyses how leaders in Islamic education institution plays their role in empowering financial in their institutions. The analysis was done to several pesantren based education institution in Indonesia. The result shows that the leaders of those education institutions must have good sense of business. They also have to develop creativities and innovations in developing potentials for education financing several leaders in pesantren based education institutions have been successful in developing an integrated model of management making them have bigger potential empowerment. Some have even created business based education institutions.

This study examined problematic internet use among the university students of Bangladesh and its association with loneliness, social interaction anxiety and happiness as potential constructs of psychological well-being. Data were collected from 432 University students using a structured questionnaire in a face-to-face interview and cross-sectional study design was employed. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that psychological well-being accounted for a significant increase of the variance in problematic internet use scores. Loneliness and social interaction anxiety as constructs of psychological well-being were significant positive predictors of problematic internet use and loneliness exhibited strongest association with problematic internet use. Moreover, result showed that male participants were more problematic Internet user than females. Therefore, findings of the study provide insight for the teachers, university authorities and policy makers, planners and practitioners in this regard to design and implement preventive programs for the university students of Bangladesh who are susceptible to problematic internet use.